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Upgrade to Microsoft Edge to take advantage of the latest features, security updates, and technical support. This article discusses the required network ports, protocols, and services that are used by Microsoft client and server operating systems, server-based programs, and their subcomponents in the Microsoft Windows Server system.

Administrators and support professionals may use this article as a roadmap to determine which ports and protocols Microsoft operating systems and programs require for network connectivity in a segmented network. This article contains several references to the default dynamic port range. In Windows Server and later versions, and in Windows Vista and later versions, the default dynamic port range changed to the following range:.

Don't use the port information in this article to configure Windows Firewall. The Windows Server system includes a comprehensive and integrated infrastructure to meet the requirements of developers and information technology IT professionals.

This system runs programs and solutions that you can use to obtain, analyze, and share information quickly and easily. These Microsoft client, server, and server program products use different network ports and protocols to communicate with client systems and with other server systems over the network.

Dedicated firewalls, host-based firewalls, and Internet Protocol security IPsec filters are other important components that you must have to help secure your network. However, if these technologies are configured to block ports and protocols that are used by a specific server, that server will no longer respond to client requests. The System services ports section:. The Ports and protocols section includes a table that summarizes the information from the System services ports section.

The table is sorted by the port number instead of by the service name. Use this section to quickly determine which services listen on a particular port. This article uses certain terms in specific ways. To help avoid confusion, make sure that you understand how the article uses these terms:. This article doesn't specify which services rely on other services for network communication.

A full discussion of the architecture of the Windows operating systems is beyond the scope of this article. Although many services may rely on a particular TCP or UDP port, only one service or process at a time can listen on that port.

These ports are also informally known as random RPC ports. In these cases, RPC clients rely on the RPC endpoint mapper to tell them which dynamic port or ports were assigned to the server.

You can also restrict the range of ports that RPC dynamically assigns to a small range, regardless of the service. For more information about this topic, see the References section. This article includes information about the system services roles and the server roles for the Microsoft products that are listed in the Applies to section.

Although this information may also apply to Windows XP and to Microsoft Windows Professional, this article is focused on server-class operating systems. Therefore, this article describes the ports that a service listens on instead of the ports that client programs use to connect to a remote system. This section provides a description of each system service, includes the logical name that corresponds to the system service, and displays the ports and the protocols that each service requires.

Active Directory runs under the Lsass. Domain controllers, client computers, and application servers require network connectivity to Active Directory over specific hard-coded ports. Additionally, unless a tunneling protocol is used to encapsulate traffic to Active Directory, a range of ephemeral TCP ports between to and to are required. If your computer network environment uses only Windows Server R2, Windows Server , Windows 7, or Windows Vista, you must enable connectivity over the high port range of through If your computer network environment uses Windows Server R2, Windows Server , Windows 7, or Windows Vista together with versions of Windows earlier than Windows Server and Windows Vista, you must enable connectivity over both port ranges: High port range of through Low port range of through If your computer network environment uses only versions of Windows earlier than Windows Server and Windows Vista, you must enable connectivity over the low port range of through In this encapsulated scenario, you must allow the following items through the router instead of opening all the ports and protocols listed in this topic:.

Finally, you can hard-code the port that is used for Active Directory replication by following the steps in Restricting Active Directory RPC traffic to a specific port. The following settings are LDAP session options:. FTP is the only network protocol that has a plug-in that is included with Windows Server.

The ALG FTP plug-in supports these sessions by redirecting all traffic that meets the following criteria to a private listening port in the range of to on the loopback adapter:.

NET out-of-process session states. NET State Service stores session data out-of-process. The service uses sockets to communicate with ASP. NET that is running on a web server. Certificate Services is part of the core operating system. By using Certificate Services, a business can act as its own certification authority CA. It lets the business issue and manage digital certificates for programs and protocols such as:. For more information, see 3. The Cluster service controls server cluster operations and manages the cluster database.

A cluster is a collection of independent computers that act as a single computer. Managers, programmers, and users see the cluster as a single system. The software distributes data among the nodes of the cluster. If a node fails, other nodes provide the services and data that were formerly provided by the missing node. When a node is added or repaired, the cluster software migrates some data to that node. By default, DTLS is enabled. The Computer Browser system service maintains an up-to-date list of computers on your network and supplies the list to programs that request it.

The Computer Browser service is used by Windows-based computers to view network domains and resources. Computers that are designated as browsers maintain browse lists that contain all shared resources that are used on the network. Earlier versions of Windows-based programs, such as My Network Places, the net view command, and Windows Explorer, all require browsing capability. For example, when you open My Network Places on a computer that is running Microsoft Windows 95, a list of domains and computers appears.

To display this list, the computer obtains a copy of the browse list from a computer that is designated as a browser. If you are running only Windows Vista and later versions of Windows, the browser service is no longer required. You can use this service to adjust the advanced network settings of DHCP clients. The Distributed File System Replication DFSR service is a state-based, multi-master file replication engine that automatically copies updates to files and folders between computers that are participating in a common replication group.

It is not used on a Windows Server domain controller. The Distributed Link Tracking Server system service stores information so that files that are moved between volumes can be tracked to each volume in the domain. The Distributed Link Tracking Server service runs on each domain controller in a domain. This service enables the Distributed Link Tracking Client service to track linked documents that are moved to a location in another NTFS file system volume in the same domain.

The Distributed Transaction Coordinator DTC system service coordinates transactions that are distributed across multiple computer systems and resource managers, such as databases, message queues, file systems, or other transaction-protected resource managers.

DNS servers are required to locate devices and services that are identified by using DNS names and to locate domain controllers in Active Directory. The Event Log system service logs event messages that are generated by programs and by the Windows operating system.

Event log reports contain information that you can use to diagnose problems. You view reports in Event Viewer. The Event Log service writes events that are sent to log files by programs, by services, and by the operating system.

The events contain diagnostic information in addition to errors that are specific to the source program, the service, or the component. This service has the same firewall requirements as the File and Printer Sharing feature. Fax Service lets users use either a local fax device or a shared network fax device to send and receive faxes from their desktop programs. The File Replication service FRS is a file-based replication engine that automatically copies updates to files and folders between computers that are participating in a common FRS replica set.

FRS is the default replication engine that is used to replicate the contents of the SYSVOL folder between Windows based domain controllers and Windows Server based domain controllers that are located in a common domain.

By default, the FTP control port is The default data that is used for active mode FTP port is automatically set to one port less than the control port. Therefore, if you configure the control port to port , the default data port is port This means that the client first connects to the FTP server by using the control port. Then, the client opens a second connection to the FTP server for transferring data.

You can configure the range of high ports by using the IIS metabase. If any one of these protocols is unavailable or blocked between the client and a relevant domain controller, Group Policy will not apply or update. For a cross-domain logon, where a computer is in one domain and the user account is in another domain, these protocols may be required for the client, the resource domain, and the account domain to communicate.

ICMP is used for slow link detection. When you initiate remote group policy results reporting from a Windows Server computer, access to the destination computer's event log is required. See the Event Log section in this article for port requirements.

Windows Server support the initiation of remote group policy update against Windows Server computers. SSL is an open standard for establishing an encrypted communications channel to help prevent the interception of extremely important information, such as credit card numbers. Although this service works on other Internet services, it is primarily used to enable encrypted electronic financial transactions on the World Wide Web WWW.

Internet Authentication Service IAS performs centralized authentication, authorization, auditing, and accounting of users who are connecting to a network. These users can be on a LAN connection or on a remote connection. This system service provides NAT, addressing, and name resolution services for all computers on your home network or your small-office network. When the Internet Connection Sharing feature is enabled, your computer becomes an Internet gateway on the network.

Other client computers can then share one connection to the Internet, such as a dial-up connection or a broadband connection. They do not provide these services on the external network interface.

When you use the Kerberos Key Distribution Center KDC system service, users can sign in to the network by using the Kerberos version 5 authentication protocol.